Neuroprotective effects of Longxue Tongluo Capsule on ischemic stroke rats revealed by LC-MS/MS-based metabolomics approach

Objective: The present study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effect and explore the underlying mechanisms of Longxue Tongluo Capsule (LTC) on ischemic stroke rats. Methods: Twenty-six rats were randomly divided into four groups, including sham group, sham + LTC group, MCAO group, and MCAO + LTC group. Ischemic stroke rats were simulated by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), and LTC treatment group were orally administrated with 300 mg/kg of LTC once daily for seven consecutive days. LTC therapy was validated in terms of neurobehavioral abnormality evaluation, cerebral infarct area, and histological assessments. The plasma metabolome comparisons amongst different groups were conducted by UHPLC-Q Exactive MS in combination with subsequent multivariate statistical analysis, aiming to finding the molecules in respond to the surgery or LTC treatment. Results: Intragastric administration of LTC significantly decreased not only the neurobehavioral abnormality scores but also the cerebral infarct area of MCAO rats. The interstitial edema, atrophy, and pyknosis of glial and neuronal cells occurred in the infarcted area, core area, and marginal area of cerebral cortex were improved after LTC treatment. A total of 13 potential biomarkers were observed, and Youden index of 11 biomarkers such as LysoPC, SM, and PE were more than 0.7, which were involved in neuroprotective process. The correlation and pathway analysis showed that LTC was beneficial to ischemic stroke rats via regulating glycerophospholipid and sphingolipid metabolism, together with nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism. Heatmap and ternary analysis indicated the synergistic effect of carbohydrates and lipids may be induced by flavonoid intake from LTC. Conclusion: The present study could provide evidence that metabolomics, as systematic approach, revealed its capacity to evaluate the holistic efficacy of TCM, and investigate the molecular mechanism underlying the clinical treatment of LTC on ischemic stroke.     

通脉活血灵胶囊对实验性高脂血症家兔血脂及动脉粥样硬化的影响

观察通脉活血灵胶囊对实验性高脂血症家兔血脂调节变化和动脉粥样经形成的影响。实验结果表明,高脂饲料喂养家兔可导致高脂血症,并可诱发动脉弱样硬化。     

正交试验法优选银翘解毒软胶囊的水煮提取工艺

采用Ｌ９（３＾４）正交设计,以浸膏得率,正丁醇浸出率,绿原酸含量为考察指标,优选银翘解毒软胶囊的水煮提取工艺。结果表明：最佳提取工艺为首次加１０倍量水,浸泡３０ｍｉｎ,煎煮２ｈ,第２次加８倍量水,煎煮１．５ｈ。     

晶珠肝泰舒胶囊治疗肝炎肝硬变60例

观察了服用晶珠肝泰舒胶囊治疗慢性肝炎 ５２例、肝炎后肝硬化（代偿期） ８例。经 ３个月（ １疗程）治疗,全部病例临床症状、体征与肝功改善均较显著,显效率达８３ ３３％。其中对肝炎后肝硬变作用明显,提示晶珠肝泰舒胶囊在保肝同时,还有一定抗肝纤维化作用。对乙肝病毒血清标志物ＨＢＶ－ＤＮＡ阴转率１２ ５％,ＨＢｓＡｇ阴转率１５．７８％,ＨＢｃＡｇ转阴率７ ４％,提示晶珠肝泰舒胶囊具有抗病毒作用。     

“生精胶囊”对大鼠的生精作用的研究

本文用病理学的计数方法研究了“生精胶囊”对大鼠的生精作用。结果表明“生精胶囊”能明显增加睾丸曲细精管内生殖细胞数目、睾丸内精子数目、曲细精管数量及其直径和曲细精管内细胞层数,增加精子活率而对初级精母细胞直径及精子活动力无明显影响。为临床该药治疗“男性不育少精症”提供了科学依据。     

中药壮骨胶囊治疗Ⅰ型原发性骨质疏松症74例临床研究

目的　探讨中药壮骨胶囊对Ⅰ型原发性骨质疏松症的疗效及其与骨代谢的关系。方法　采用益肾健脾的中药壮骨胶囊治疗７４ 例绝经后妇女原发性骨质疏松症,并与钙尔奇Ｄ 治疗的３１ 例作对照。结果　３ 个月后,其总有效率达９１ ．８９ ％ ,骨质疏松程度、血ＡＬＰ、ＣＴ、Ｅ２ 皆显著改善,且显著优于对照组（ Ｐ＜ ０．０５ ～０．０１）。无明显副反应。结论　绝经后妇女骨质疏松症主要由肾虚所致,采用中药补肾健脾治疗,疗效显著优于补钙、雌激素的替代疗法等。壮骨胶囊有调整骨代谢作用。该药安全可长期服用     

Pharmacokinetic aspects of rectal formulations of Temazepam

An in vitro/in vivo study was carried out with different rectal formulations of temazepam. Pharmacokinetic data were determined in a cross-over study in 10 volunteers after rectal administration of 10 mg temazepam as a polyethylene glycol based suppository (selected from in vitro data), a liquid-filled capsule and a micro-enema respectively, using oral administration of a liquid-filled capsule as a reference. Serum levels of temazepam indicate an instantaneous and complete release from the micro-enema (F_rel=0.94±0.21, C_max 205±36.9 g/l, t_max 0.49±0.31 hour) and a slower but complete release of temazepam from the suppository (F_rel=1.01±0.25, C_max 202±41.3 g/l, t_max 1.48±0.41 hour). A high interindividual variation in absorption profiles was observed after rectal administration of the liquid-filled capsule (F_rel 0.72±0.36, C_max 182±122 g/l, t_max 4.08±4.28 hour), which makes it less suitable for rectal use. The micro-enema and suppository appear to be useful as rectal formulations for temazepam.     

双苓扶正抗癌胶囊对小鼠肝癌的影响

目的：研究双苓扶正抗癌胶囊对小鼠肝癌的抑制作用及作用机制。方法：建立小鼠肝癌（Heps）实体瘤及腹水癌模型，观察抑瘤率和生长延长率，并用流式细胞术（FCM）检测小鼠肝癌实体瘤的细胞周期及癌细胞凋亡率。结果：双苓扶正抗癌胶囊在15g和30g/kg剂量下，对小鼠肝癌实体瘤有显著抑制作用，也能延长荷腹水型肝癌小鼠的生存期；还可引起小鼠肝癌瘤细胞S期及G2-M期细胞减少，G0-G1期细胞及凋亡细胞增加。结论：双苓扶正抗癌胶囊对小鼠移植性肝癌具有抑制作用，其作用机制可能与抑制细胞周期中S期DNA合成、干扰细胞的分裂增殖速度及诱导癌细胞凋亡有关。     

金脂泰胶囊质量标准研究

目的：建立金脂泰胶囊(黄精、制何首乌、泽泻、纹股蓝醇提物、山植、决明子等)的质量标准。方法：采用薄层色谱法对方中的制何首乌、泽泻、决明子进行鉴别。用高效液相色谱法对方中所含的大黄素、大黄酚、大黄素甲醚进行含量测定。采用ODS-C18柱，，流动相为甲酵-0．1％磷酸溶液(94：6)，检测波长为440nm。结果：薄层鉴别色谱特征斑点明显。大黄素、大黄酚、大黄素甲醚分别在0．039～0．35μg，0．039～0．35μg，0．037～0．33μg范围内呈良好的线性关系。平均加样回收率大黄素为97．4％(RSD＝1．70％)，大黄酚为98．0％(RSD＝1．56％)，大黄甲醚为97．1％(RSD＝1．83％)。结论：本法能较好地控制金脂泰胶囊的质量。     

正交设计在固天泉胶囊处方研究中的应用

目的：研究固天泉胶囊处方的最佳组成。方法：用正交试验法考察处方抗利尿作用和镇静催眠作用。结果：优选出最佳处方为原处方。结论：正交设计可以用于中医处方的研究。